含油气盆地油气成藏过程综述

Summary of Petroleum Accumulation in Petroleum-bearing Basins

在含油气盆地勘探工作中,成藏过程的研究往往可以进一步确定油气生—运—聚集关系、油气分布规律等,并对勘探区预测等工作有着至关重要的作用。就近年来前人在鄂尔多斯盆地、柴达木盆地、四川盆地、准噶尔盆地、塔里木盆地中展开的部分油气成藏过程研究进行总结。结果发现,目前在油气成藏过程研究中常常使用盆地构造演化分析、油源对比分析、碳同位素分析、流体包裹体分析等方法恢复研究区的油气成藏过程,进行定性的分析以及定量的研究。进一步确定烃源岩与圈闭的关系,成藏期次以及油藏分布特征等。

In the exploration of petroliferous basins,the study of reservoir-forming process can often further determine the relationship between hydrocarbon generation,migration and accumulation,the law of hydrocarbon distribution,and play an important role in the prediction of favorable exploration areas.This paper summarizes the previous studies on hydrocarbon accumulation in Ordos Basin,Qaidam Basin,Sichuan Basin,Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin.The results show that basin tectonic evolution analysis,oil source correlation analysis,carbon isotope analysis and fluid inclusion analysis are often used to restore the hydrocarbon accumulation process in the study area for qualitative and quantitative analysis.The relationship between source rocks and traps,reservoir-forming stages and reservoir distribution characteristics are further determined.