先秦儒家语言伦理思想

Pre-Qin Confucian Language Ethics

言德关系是随着人类语言的产生而逐渐形成的重要问题,是先秦时期儒家语言伦理的核心问题。在孔子的思想体系中,语言与道德的关系占有很大的比重,他认为,“言”与“德”之间是密不可分的,二者相互依存,相辅相成。除此之外,孔子还提出语言运用既要“得体”,也要符合“礼”与“仁”的道德标准,还就言德之间的规范问题提出了许多独到的见解。文章由言德关系入手,总结了孔子思想中言语道德的规范,同时就其对后世的意义进行了简单概括。

The relationship between language and morality is a very important issue that formed with the emergence of human language gradually,and it is the core issue of Confucian language ethics in the pre-Qin period.The relationship between language and morality in Confucius'ideological system occupies a large proportion.He believes that"language"and"morality"are inseparable,and the two are interdependent and mutually reinforcing.In addition,Confucius also proposed that the use of language should be"decent".It is also necessary to meet the moral standards of"courtesy"and"benevolence".He also put forward many unique opinions on the normative issues between language and morality.This article begins with the relationship between language and morality,summarizes the norms of language and morality in Confucius'thought,and briefly summarizes its significance to later generations.