借鉴与调适:贿赂犯罪调查模式宪法化探索

Reference and Adjustment: Constitutional Exploration of Bribery Crime Investigation Model

分析国家监察体制改革前,贿赂犯罪侦查模式的基本特征、表象及其失范困境,对推进国家监察改革语境下贿赂犯罪调查从立法到实践有重要的意义及价值。我国贿赂犯罪侦查主要表现为侦查主体独立性缺失与启动侦查随意性扩张;侦查手段独立性不足与创新性缺失;被调查对象防御权受限与人权保障缺位;“口供中心主义”的依赖与侦查逻辑积重难返。在未来的监察立法及《监察法》修订和完善中,藉由现行宪法基本价值为承载,借鉴贿赂犯罪侦查模式中的合理内核,探索宪法化的监察机制调适,为调查活动有序展开、高效实施提供指引。

Before the reform of the national supervision system,the analysis of the basic characteristics,appearance and anomie predicament of the investigation mode of bribery crime is of great significance and value to promote the investigation of bribery crime from legislation to practice in the context of the national supervision reform.The main manifestations of the investigation of bribery crime in China are the lack of independence of the investigative subject and the arbitrary expansion of the initiation of the investigation;the lack of independence and innovation of the investigative means;the limitation of the investigative object’s defense right and the absence of human rights protection;and the relying on“Confession Centralism”and the accumulation of investigative logic.In the future supervision legislation and the revision and perfection of the Supervision Law,we should use the basic value of the current Constitution as the carrier,draw lessons from the reasonable core of the investigation model of bribery crime,explore the adjustment of the constitutional supervision mechanism,and provide guidance for the orderly and efficient implementation of investigation activities.