法国劳动关系协调机制及其变革——全球化及金融危机背景下的探究

Change and Coordination Mechanism of French Labour Relations——An Exploration of the Context of Globalization and Financial Crisis

二战后,法国确立了通过集体谈判解决劳资纠纷的基本原则。由于劳资之间缺乏合作的传统,政府在劳动关系领域一直扮演着重要干预者的角色。加之法国国有企业规模庞大,政府是最大的雇主,进一步加大了政府在劳动关系中的作用。20世纪80年代以来,面对日益广泛的全球化,政府对经济、进而对劳动领域的管制能力正日渐减弱。与之相对应的是对劳资双方代表权制度进行改革,并通过劳动立法或国家和行业级的集体协议,赋予企业层级劳资双方更多的自主权,促使分散化的集体谈判体系逐步形成。

After the Second World War,France established the basic principles for solving labor disputes through collective bargaining.However,due to the lack of cooperation between employers and employees,the government has always played an important role as an intervener in the field of labor relations.Coupled with the large size of French state-owned enterprises,the government is actually the largest employer,further increasing the government's influence.Since the 1980s,in the face of increasing globalization,the government's ability to control the economy and thus the labor field is waning.Correspondingly,reform the system of representation of employers and employees,and give more autonomy to both employers and employees through labor legislation or collective agreements at the national and industrial levels,and promote the formation of a decentralized collective bargaining system.