北京市不同功能区机动车排放特征研究

Study on vehicle emission characteristics in different functional areas of Beijing

以东城区、顺义区、朝阳区、平谷区为例分析北京四大功能区的机动车排放特征并构建排放清单,通过调查统计各区路网分布、机动车类型、行驶里程等,运用COPERT模型计算不同车型各污染物的排放因子并分析污染物空间分布。结果表明,小客车数量均占据各区主导地位。CO、碳氢化合物主要由小客车贡献,而大客车及各类货车是PM 2.5、PM 10及NO x的主要贡献来源。顺义区和朝阳区的污染物年排放量明显高于其他两区。基于功能区划分来讨论机动车排放特征并建立排放清单能为城市规划及污染防治提供有效途径。

Dongcheng District,Shunyi District,Chaoyang District and Pinggu District were taken as examples to analyze the vehicle emission characteristics of Beijing’s four major functional areas and construct an emission inventory,by surveying statistics of road network distribution,vehicle type and vehicle mileage,using the COPERT model to calculate the emission factors of each pollutant in each model and analyze the spatial distribution of pollutants.The results showed that the number of small passenger cars occupied the dominant position in each district.CO,hydrocarbon were mainly contributed by small passenger cars,while buses and trucks were the main source of contribution of PM 2.5,PM 10 and NO x.The total annual emissions of Shunyi District and Chaoyang District were significantly higher than those in the other two districts.Discussing vehicle emission characteristics and establishing emission inventories based on functional area division provided an effective way for urban planning and pollution prevention.