好氧颗粒污泥的培养及其对污染物去除特性研究

Cultivation of aerobic granular sludge and its pollutant removal characteristics

采用序批式活性污泥反应器(SBR)进行好氧颗粒污泥(AGS)培养,比较仅接种普通絮状污泥培养(R1)与接种普通絮状污泥及部分厌氧颗粒污泥培养(R2)下污泥颗粒化进程、污泥特性及污染物去除特性。结果表明,通过逐渐缩短SBR沉淀时间、提高有机负荷,R1、R2分别在17、23 d时出现乳白色颗粒,颗粒粒径较小(0.1~0.5 mm),颗粒污泥成熟时由白色转变为黄色,污泥容积指数(SVI)均保持在40 mL/g左右;培养60 d时,R1、R2内污泥基本实现颗粒化,颗粒化程度分别为90.0%、84.4%;R1、R2中胞外聚合物(EPS)质量浓度均在56 d时分别为84.75、64.05 mg/g(以单位质量挥发性悬浮固体(VSS)中的质量计,下同),其中R1、R2中多糖(PS)在EPS中占主要比重;R1、R2中培养的AGS均具有密实的结构和良好的沉降性能,对污染物具有良好的去除效果,培养后期R1、R2对COD平均去除率分别为96%、94%,对TN平均去除率分别为60%、56%,对TP平均去除率分别为65%、61%。R2中接种的部分厌氧颗粒污泥可能对EPS的分泌起到一定抑制作用,从而影响污泥的颗粒化进程。

The aerobic granular sludge(AGS)was cultivated in batch activated sludge reactor(SBR).The sludge granulation process,sludge characteristics and pollutant removal performance under normal flocculation sludge culture(R1)and partial anaerobic sludge culture(R2)were compared.The results showed that small milky white particles appeared on the 17th and 23rd days in R1 and R2 by gradually shortening the precipitation time and improving the operating mode of organic load in the SBR reactor.The particle size was small(0.1-0.5 mm)and the granular sludge was gradually changed from white to yellow when the sludge was mature,the sludge volume index(SVI)values of R1 and R2 were both kept at 40 mL/g.On the 60th day,R1 and R2 basically achieved granulation and the granulation degree was 90.0%and 84.4%,respectively.The content of extracellular polymers(EPS)in R1 and R2 were 84.75 and 64.05 mg/g on the 56th day(in mass of per unit volatile suspended solids(VSS),the same below),respectively.Among them,polysaccharides(PS)in R1 and R2 accounting for the main proportion in EPS.The AGS cultivated in R1 and R2 both had a compact structure and good sedimentation performance,and had a good removal effect on pollutants.The average removal rates of R1 and R2 to COD in the later stages of culture were 96%and 94%,respectively.The average removal rates for TN were 60%and 56%,respectively.The average removal rates for TP were 65%and 61%,respectively.Inoculation of the anaerobic granular sludge in R2 might had a certain inhibitory effect on the secretion of EPS and finally affect the granular process of sludge.