高坝泄流诱发闸门伴生振动的双调谐TMD减振方法研究

Double TMD vibration damping method for reducing the hydraulic gate accompanying vibration induced by high dam flood discharge

高坝泄流诱发的闸门振动是工程水力学领域的经典问题。近期原型观测中发现的闸门伴生振动具有能量集中、频率稳定的特点,为被动式减振措施的应用提供了条件。由于流固耦合机制的复杂性,在有效衰减优势频率振动的同时应保持宽频带内的抑振效果,避免削弱伴生振动的同时产生其它机制的强烈振动。因此,考虑闸门伴生振动机制,采用双调谐TMD减振措施,建立了振动控制方程;基于H∞鲁棒控制设计目标,推导了闸门-双调谐TMD体系参数优化设计的目标函数和约束条件;并对动力特性与实际相似的简化模型进行了参数优化设计;将优化设计的双调谐TMD安装于实际闸门结构进行动力分析,结果表明该方法可以有效衰减闸门的伴生振动,保障闸门安全和正常运行。

The gate vibration induced by high dam flood discharge is a classical problem in the field of engineering hydraulics.Recently,it is reported the gate accompanying vibration that is characterized by concentrated energy and stable dominant frequency has been observed in prototype tests.It is noted that the aforementioned characteristics of gate accompanying vibrations are significantly beneficial for the application of passive dynamic vibration absorber(DVA).As the fluid-solid interaction mechanism is extremely complex,not only the vibration with dominant frequency but also the vibration in a relatively wide frequency band should be attenuated to avoid the generation of strong vibrations induced by other mechanisms while reducing the accompanying vibration.Therefore,considering the special mechanism of gate accompanying vibration,the double tuned mass damper(TMD)was applied and the vibration equation was established.According to the H∞robust control design target,the objective function and constraint conditions for the gate-double TMD system were deduced.Moreover,the parameter optimization design was conducted based on a simplified model with similar dynamic characteristics as the actual model.The dynamic responses of the actual gate model with and without the double TMD were analyzed and the results show that the proposed approach can effectively reduce the gate accompanying vibration and ensure the safety and normal operation of the hydraulic gate.