植物入侵对土壤微生物的影响

Effects of invasive plants on soil microbial communities: a review

入侵植物通过影响入侵地土壤微生物生物量、微生物群落多样性及功能菌群等造成环境威胁,危害生态、经济和社会安全。植物入侵已成为全球性问题,也是当前的研究热点之一。综述了国内外植物入侵影响土壤微生物的研究进展,总结了毛竹Phyllostachys edulis入侵天然阔叶林影响土壤微生物特征的生物学机制。研究发现:入侵植物会提高入侵地土壤微生物生物量,增加土壤微生物多样性,为入侵创造有利土壤环境;入侵植物通过改变土壤微生物功能类群进而改变养分循环和其他环境条件,最终实现入侵。加强植物入侵对土壤微生物影响及其驱动的养分循环研究,阐明“植物—土壤”反馈机制,有助于预防和控制植物入侵。

Invasive plants cause great harm to the social,economic and ecological environment in the invaded areas by affecting soil microbial biomass,microbial community diversity and functional microbiota.Plant species invasion has become a global problem and one of the hotspots of current research.In this paper,we summarized the effects of plant invasion on soil microorganism,and the biological mechanism of the influence of Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)invasion on soil microorganism characteristics.Studies showed that invasive plants would increase soil microbial biomass and soil microbial diversity to create favorable soil environment for invasive plant species.Invasive plants would change nutrient cycling and other environmental conditions through changing functional groups of soil microorganisms,and in turn promote the process of plant invasion.Enhanced research on the effects of plant invasion on soil microbes and associated nutrient cycling would help clarify the“plant—soil”feedback mechanism,which could provide a basis for the prevention,control and habitat restoration of plant invasion.