山东大辛庄遗址出土商代印纹硬陶与原始瓷化学组成分析研究

Analysis and Comparison of the Chemical Compositions of Stamped Hard Pottery and Proto-porcelain in Shang Dynasty in Daxinzhuang site,Shandong Province

利用能量色散X射线荧光光谱法(energy disperse X-ray fluorescence,EDXRF)对山东大辛庄遗址出土的商代5片印纹硬陶片和5片原始瓷片的主、次量元素组成进行了化学成分分析测定。结果显示,与印纹硬陶相比,原始瓷胎体化学组成中SiO2含量明显较高,Al2O3含量则相对稍低,助熔剂氧化物的含量也较低,两种样品的陶瓷胎中呈色元素氧化物Fe2O3和TiO2的含量差别也很明显。部分原始瓷的成分与印纹硬陶的成分相近似,说明原始瓷与印纹硬陶在选料上有一定的相似性,但原始瓷对原料的选择和处理要求较高,可能在固定的地点取料,取料后需要进一步处理再加工成型;而印纹硬陶的制作过程中对原料的控制和处理并不是很严格,这也符合原始瓷是从印纹硬陶的基础上转变而来的这一规律。上述分析表明,大辛庄遗址出土的原始瓷与印纹硬陶的化学组成的差异正是陶向瓷发展的过程中对原料的选用、淘洗以及精炼等制作工艺的发展。

The major chemical elements of 5 stamped hard pottery pieces and 5 proto-porcelain pieces unearthed from Daxinzhuang site in Shandong Province were determined by energy disperse X-ray fluorescence(EDXRF).The results showed that the content of SiO2 in the proto-porcelain chemical composition was significantly higher than that of stamped hard pottery,while the content of Al2O3 was relatively lower,and the content of flux oxides was also relatively lower.The content of the color-element oxides Fe2O3 and TiO2 in the two kinds of samples were also significantly different.The composition of some of the proto-porcelain was similar to that of stamped hard pottery,which shows that the protoporcelain and stamped hard pottery has a certain similarity in the material,but for the proto-porcelain,the selection of raw materials and the requirements for processing are maybe strict in a fixed picking location,while for stamped hard pottery the selection and processing are not very strict.This fact is also shown in the transforming process of proto-porcelain from stamped hard pottery.The study demonstrates that the difference between the chemical compositions of the proto-porcelain and stamped hard pottery unearthed from the Daxinzhuang site reveals the development of material selection,panning and refining in the transforming process from pottery to porcelain.