196例儿童支原体肺炎的临床特点分析

Analysis on clinical characteristics of mycoplasmal pneumonia of 196 children

目的:探讨儿童支原体肺炎的临床表现及影像学特点。方法:回顾性分析196例支原体肺炎患儿的临床表现、影像学及实验室检查结果、治疗和预后。结果:肺炎支原体肺炎可发生于各年龄段儿童。以发热、咳嗽为最常见,婴幼儿常伴有喘息,肺部体征明显。年长儿表现为顽固性干咳,肺部特征不明显。婴幼儿肺炎支原体肺炎影像学多表现为双肺纹理增粗、模糊,肺门影增浓。学龄及学龄前儿童则多表现为单侧肺叶或肺段斑片状影。儿童肺炎支原体肺炎肺外表现多样,以消化系统损害多见。结论:儿童肺炎支原体肺炎临床表现多样,缺乏特异性,早期诊断和治疗,有助于提高治愈率,减少并发症发生。

Objective:To investigate clinical characteristics of mycoplasmal pneumonia of 196 children.Methods:This study included 196 children hospitalized with MPP.The clinical manifestations,imaging features,laboratory findings,treatment and prognosis were reviewed from medical records.Results:MPP occurs in children of all ages.Fever and cough are the most common symptoms.Infants and young children often have wheezing and obvious pulmonary signs.The older children usually presented with intractable dry cough,but the pulmonary characteristics were not obvious.The imaging features of MPP in infants and young children mostly showed that the pulmonary texture was thick and blurred,and the hilar shadow was increased.The pulmonary lobes or segments of the lung were mostly patchy in preschool and school-age children.Extra-pulmonary manifestations of MPP in children showed various manifestations and the digestive system damage was more common.Conclusion:The clinical manifestations of MPP in children are not only diverse and with no specificity.Early diagnosis and treatment are helpful to improve the cure rate and reduce complications.