废旧LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2和LiFePO4动力电池湿法回收技术的研究现状

Research Status of Wet Recycling Technology of Waste LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 and Li Fe PO4 Power Battery

近年来,随着新能源电动汽车市场的发展,废旧动力锂电池将迎来回收热潮。锂电池的回收方法有火法冶金、湿法冶金、生物处理法等。其中,湿法回收技术的应用最为广泛。本文分析了几种锂电池回收技术的特点与不足,并分别以LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2与LiFePO4电池为研究对象,介绍了其湿法回收处理的研究进展,总结了现有技术存在的问题。整体来看,动力锂电池的回收技术仍存在一些局限性,需要探究成本低、污染小的回收技术路线,同时,配合健全的市场机制与运营模式,建立完整的废旧锂电池资源化循环利用体系。

In recent years,with the expansion of the electric vehicle market,there will be a large number of waste power batteries.There are several kinds of technologies for the recovery of lithium batteries,such as thermometallurgy,hydrometallurgy,and biological treatment technology,etc.The hydrometallurgy are the most widely used technology.In this paper,the characteristics and shortcomings of several current technologies for the recovery of lithium battery were analyzed and compared.The research progress of hydrometallurgy for the recovery of LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 and LiFePO4 were introduced.Moreover,the existing problems are summarized.On the whole,there are still some limitations for the recycling technologies of power lithium batteries.It needs to explore a low-cost and less-polluted technology,and it is also required to establish a complete market mechanism and operation mode,achieving a multidimensional resource recycling system.