女性追求幸福的艰难途路——贾平凹《黑氏》的人本主义心理学解读

The Hard Way for Women in the Pursuit of Happiness ——A humanistic psychological interpretation of Haley by Jia Pingwa

贾平凹在中篇小说《黑氏》中,塑造了黑氏这一淳朴善良又敢于追求的农村妇女形象。从马斯洛人本主义心理学的角度来看,黑氏与小男人、木椟和来顺的三次婚恋经历,包含着生理、安全、尊重和爱与归属等不同的需要层次。通过黑氏婚姻观念的变化和对婚姻幸福的追求,贾平凹试图让读者知道人会为了满足自己的心理需要而做出道德选择,但是人不能脱离社会伦理秩序而只以满足自己的心理需要去行事,而是必须要有理性,学会自律、自制。

Jia Pingwa created the image of Haley in the novella.From the perspective of Maslow’s Humanistic Psychology,Haley’s marriage contains different levels of physiological security,respect,love and sense of belonging.Through the change of Haley’s concept of marriage and the pursuit of marital happiness,Jia Pingwa tries to let readers know that people will make moral choices to meet their own psychological needs.However,people cannot act out of social ethical order and only satisfy their own psychological needs.Instead,they must be rational and learn self-discipline.