从宗族到乡邻:清末江南义庄救助事业的社会化

From Clan to Neighborhoods:the Socialization of the Jiangnan Yizhuang Relief Cause in Jiangnan in Modern Times

传统义庄是宗法遗意的产物,讲究“亲亲”之道,救恤对象以宗族成员为主。近代以降,多数江南义庄将救助范围延伸到宗族之外的姻亲和邻里之间,积极参与地方公益慈善事业,甚至有少数义庄还致力于改良和推广农业生产技术,兼具社会改良愿景。义庄对社会公共事业的参与及逐步深化,凸显了传统宗族组织的宗法性和社会性在近代历史进程中此消彼长的渐进趋势。

Yizhuang was traditionally the product of the patriarchal legacy, paying attention to "filial piety", whose rescue objects were mainly clan members. In modern times, most of Jiangnan Yizhuang extended the scope of assistance to in-laws and neighbors outside the clan, and actively participated in local charities. Even a few Yizhuang were committed to improving and promoting agricultural production techniques, and had a vision for social improvement. The participation and gradual deepening of Yizhuang in social public utilities highlighted the gradual trend of traditional clan organizations in the course of modern history, waning and waxing between patriarchy and sociality.