董仲舒与中国古代法律文化的建构

Dong Zhongshu and the Construction of Ancient Chinese Legal Culture

董仲舒对中国古代法律文化的影响是多方面的。他提出的“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”为中国古代法律文化的基本走向奠定了基本原则和思想基础。他的“大一统”主张为中国法律文化的形成和发展提供了基本价值取向和思维定势。他主张的“务德而不务刑”的思想确定了中国古代法律文化“德主刑辅”的基本价值特征。而他在司法实践上的“春秋决狱”,则实现了“礼”与“法”的融合统一,使“判例”成为重要的法律形式,进而丰富和发展了中国古代法律文化。

Dong Zhongshu′ s influence on ancient Chinese legal culture is multifaceted. The "Destruction of other schools and unique respect for Confucianism" doctrine proposed by him laid the basic principles and ideological foundation for the basic trend of ancient Chinese legal culture. His "great unity" advocate provides the basic value orientation and mindset for the formation and development of Chinese legal culture. The idea of "morality instead of punishment" that he advocated determines the basic value characteristics of the ancient Chinese legal culture -- "Giving priority to morality while making punishment subsidiary". And his idea of "Chunqiu Jueyu" in judicial practice realized the integration and unity of "Ritual" and "Law", making "judicial cases" an important legal form, and enriching and developing the ancient Chinese legal culture.