潮汕地区胃癌高低发区生活饮食因素调查

Survey of dietary factors in high and low incidence areas of gastric cancer in Chaoshan area

目的:调查潮汕地区胃癌高、低发区居民的生活饮食情况,为当地胃癌的预防控制,提供流行病学依据。方法:在胃癌高发区南澳县和低发区汕尾市的1~2所市/县级高中,采用整群抽样的方法抽取调查班级,以该班级的学生家长和亲属(南澳县796名、汕尾市997名)为研究对象,调查两地区居民的生活饮食习惯。结果:高发区男性居民和乡村干部的吸烟率高于低发区,务农者的吸烟率低于低发区,已婚者和个体户的饮酒率低于低发区,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素logistics逐步回归分析结果显示,年龄(35~44、45~54、25~34岁)(OR=34.90、13.51、12.66),职业为渔民、家务、服务业(OR=80.09、3.64、2.90),现在饮用水库水、池水、河水(OR=3.88),吃鱼露(OR=2.62),喝功夫茶(OR=1.93)可能是患胃癌死亡的危险因素。结论:潮汕地区胃癌高、低发区居民的差异与生活饮食习惯有很大的关系。

Objective:To investigate the living and dietary status of residents in high and low incidence areas of gastric cancer in Chaoshan area,and to provide epidemiological basis for prevention and control of gastric cancer.Methods:In 1-2 city/county high schools in Nan’ao County,Gastric Cancer High-incidence Area and Shanwei City,Low-incidence Area,the survey classes were selected by cluster sampling method.The parents and relatives of students in the class(796 in Nan’ao County and 997 in Shanwei City)were taken as subjects to investigate the living and dietary habits of residents in the two areas.Results:The smoking rate of male residents and rural cadres in high-incidence areas was higher than that in low-incidence areas,the smoking rate of peasants was lower than that in low-incidence areas,and the drinking rate of married and individual households was lower than that in low-incidence areas,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that age(35-44,45-54,25-34 years old)(OR=34.90,13.51,12.66);occupation for fishermen,housework,service industry(OR=80.09,3.64,2.90);drinking reservoir water,pool water,river water(OR=3.88),fish sauce(OR=2.62),Kungfu tea(OR=1.93)may be the death risk factors of gastric cancer.Conclusion:The differences between residents in high and low incidence areas of gastric cancer in Chaoshan area are closely related to their dietary habits.