基于人机混驾的道路交通量均衡配流模型

The Traffic Equilibrium Flow Distribution Model of Hybrid Vehicle

人机混驾在未来城中道路网络中将长期存在。针对人机混驾在交通量分配中表现出的不同特征,提出了人机混驾交通下的路段阻抗函数,建立了与Wardrop均衡状态等价的均衡配流模型;基于拉格朗日函数极值条件与凸函数的性质,对模型的等价性与唯一性进行了验证;利用梯度下降算法给出了模型的求解步骤,采用数值仿真实验证明了算法的有效性。结果表明:当路网总交通量相同时,人机混驾交通量分配结果比人工驾驶更加均匀。增加路网总交通量,人工驾驶交通量的主要集中路段不会改变,而人机混驾会产生新的交通量集中路段。保持总交通量不变,增加人机混驾中无人驾驶的比例,路段无人驾驶交通量呈现高次多项式型、指数型、波动型三种不同的增长方式,路段总交通量呈平稳型、平稳-波动型、波动型3种变化规律。

Man-machine hybrid driving will exist for a long time in the future urban network.According to the different characteristics of man-machine mixed driving in traffic allocation,the road impedance function of man-machine mixed driving was proposed,and the equalization distribution model equivalent to Wardrop equilibrium state was established.Based on the extreme conditions of Lagrangian function and the properties of convex function,the equivalence and uniqueness of the model were verified.The solution steps of the model were given by using the gradient descent algorithm,and the effectiveness of the algorithm was proved by numerical simulation.The results show that,when the total traffic volume of the road network is the same,the traffic volume distribution result of human-machine mixed driving is more even than that of manual driving.With the increase of road network traffic volume,the main concentrated road section of artificial driving traffic volume will not change,while human-machine mixed driving will produce new concentrated road of traffic volume.The total traffic volume remains unchanged.With the increase of the proportion of unmanned vehicles in human-machine mixed driving,the unmanned traffic volume of road section presents three different growth modes of high-order polynomial type,exponential type and fluctuation type,and the total traffic volume of road section presents three change rules of stationary type,stationary-fluctuating type and fluctuating type.