基于滤食特征的水面垃圾清理装备的仿生设计与评估

Bionic Design and Evaluation of Surface Garbage Cleaning Equipment Based on Filter Feeding Characteristics

目的探索海洋水面垃圾清理装备的仿生设计过程和模态分析的有效性。方法前期采用自上而下的仿生学设计方法,分别模仿河蚌和火烈鸟的独特滤食结构,得出两种水面垃圾清理装备的仿生设计方案,并介绍了基本的设计流程;后期运用有限元方法对两种成果分别进行模态分析。结果河蚌方案模型的一阶固有频率均低于30 Hz,满足设计要求;火烈鸟方案模型需改进后进行再次评价。结论仿生设计方法可以为水面垃圾清理装备的设计过程提供参考。此外,采用有限元方法对产品外形、结构进行模态分析,具备有效性。整个设计与评估闭环过程,可以较好地指导仿生创新设计,实现产品的多样化创新。

The work aims to explore the effectiveness of bionic design process and modal analysis of ocean surface garbage cleaning equipment.In the early stage,based on the top-down bionics design method,two bionic design plans for surface garbage cleaning equipment were obtained respectively by imitating the filter feeding characteristics of clams and flamingos,and the basic design process was also introduced.In the later stage,the finite element method was applied to carry out the modal analysis on the two results.The first-order natural frequency of the clam model was lower than 30 Hz,which met the design requirements.The model for flamingo plan needed to be re-evaluated after improved.The bionic design method can provide reference for the design process of surface garbage cleaning equipment.In addition,the finite element method is effective for modal analysis on product shape and structure.The whole closed-loop process of design and evaluation can better guide bionic innovative design and realize diversified innovation of products.