油茶Rubisco基因的鉴定及其在高产种质筛选中的应用

Identification of Rubisco genes of Camellia oleifera Abel. and its application on the selection of high tea oil cultivars

从油茶(Camellia oleifera Abel.)叶片中分离克隆了Rubisco rbcL和rbcS基因的cDNA序列,全长分别为1 522和615 bp.其中,前者的编码区为1 425 bp,编码475个氨基酸;后者的编码区为615 bp,编码176个氨基酸,分别命名为Co-rbcL和Co-rbcS.利用荧光定量PCR研究其在油茶品种‘湘林14’、‘湘林1’和‘横冲89’中的表达,结果显示,油产量较高的品种,这2个基因的转录表达量也较高,3个品种的净光合速率呈现类似于上述基因的表达模式.Pearson分析表明:Co-rbcL与3个品种的油产量和种子产量显著相关(P<0.001);而Co-rbcS与油产量和种子产量具有相关性.另外,净光合速率与产油量、种子产量具有相关性(P<0.001;P<0.01).因此,这2个基因具有作为早期高油产量油茶品种选择分子标记的潜力,结合净光合速率测定,这种早期鉴定将会缩短育种时间并提高育种效率.

cDNAs of rbcL and rbcS of Rubisco subunits from Camellia oleifera Abel.,which named Co-rbcL and Co-rbcS respective-ly,were isolated.Co-rbcL was 1 522 bp and consisted of a 1 425 bp coding region which encoded 475 amino acids.Co-rbcS was 615 bp and contained a 528 bp coding region which encoded 176 amino acids.The expression levels of the two genes was determined in 3 C.oleifera cultivars of‘Xianglin 14’,‘Xianglin 1’,and‘Hengchong 89’with tea oil yield in a descending order.The results showed that expression levels of Co-rbcS and Co-rbcL were higher in cultivars(‘Xianglin 14’,‘Xianglin 1’)with relatively high oil yield,and the pattern was the same for net photosynthetic rate.Pearson′s correlation analysis showed that oil and seed yields were significantly correlated with the expression of Co-rbcL(P<0.01),and Co-rbcS(P<0.01).Net photosynthetic rate was also no-tably correlated with oil(P<0.001)and seed yields(P<0.01).Therefore,Co-rbcL and Co-rbcS are very likely to be molecular markers for early selection of higher oil production cultivars with the assistance of net photosynthetic rate,which may significantly shorten plant breeding time and increase breeding efficiency.