丙烯酸接枝改性丝素吸水材料的合成和性能研究

Preparation and properties of silk fibroin-based water-absorbing material modified by grafting acrylic acid

合成树脂在高吸水树脂中应用最为广泛,尤其是丙烯酸类合成树脂,但是其不能够生物降解,不利于环境保护。文章以丝素为基体,丙烯酸和丙烯酸钠为接枝单体,通过溶液聚合法制备高吸水性树脂,采用单因素法研究丝素与丙烯酸的质量比、丙烯酸中和度、反应温度、反应时间和引发剂质量分数对聚合物的吸水性及接枝率的影响。实验结果显示,丙烯酸接枝改性丝素的最优工艺条件为:丝素与丙烯酸的质量比1︰2,丙烯酸的中和度65%,反应温度60℃,反应时间2 h,引发剂质量为丙烯酸质量的1.625%。所制备的高吸水材料结构采用红外光谱确定,丙烯酸接枝改性丝素在蒸馏水中的吸水率达到了500%,其大于酸性和碱性条件下的吸水能力,也高于生理盐水中的吸水能力。

Synthetic resin,especially acrylic synthetic resin,is most widely applied among super absorbent polymers.However,it is not biodegradable and adverse to environmental protection.In this study,silk fibroin was used as the matrix,and acrylic acid and sodium acrylate were used as the grafting monomer to prepare super absorbent polymer with solution polymerization method.The effects of the mass ratio of silk fibroin to acrylic acid,neutralization degree of acrylic acid,reaction temperature,reaction time,and the mass fraction of the initiator on the water absorption and grafting ratio of the polymer were studied.The results show that the optimum process parameters of silk fibroin modified by grafting acrylic acid are as below:the mass ratio of silk fibroin to acrylic acid 1︰2,neutralization degree of acrylic acid 65%,reaction temperature 60℃,reaction time 2 h,and mass fraction of the initiator to acrylic acid 1.625%.The structure of the super absorbent polymer was confirmed by using FTIR spectra.The water absorption of silk fibroin modified by grafting acrylic acid in distilled water was 500%,higher than that in acid solution,base solution and,and normal saline.