血清特异性过敏原、总IgE水平与儿童慢性咳嗽的相关性分析

Correlation between serum specific allergen,total IgE level and chronic cough in children

目的 探讨血清过敏原特异性IgE(SIgE)、总IgE(TIgE)水平检测与儿童慢性咳嗽的相关性。方法 240例慢性咳嗽患儿作为试验组,另选取240例同期于本院门诊体检中心体检的健康儿童作为对照组,比较2组儿童血清TIgE水平变化情况,分析试验组患儿血清SIgE水平。结果 试验组血清TIgE水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组TIgE阳性检出率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组240例患儿中SIgE阳性患儿189例,占78.75%,SIgE阳性率由高到低依次为尘螨组合(59.58%)、屋尘(41.67%)、动物组合(29.17%)、淡水鱼组合(10.83%)、海鱼组合(7.92%)。婴幼儿组与年长儿组在尘螨组合、屋尘、动物组合、树木组合、淡水鱼组合的过敏原阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组吸入性过敏原阳性177例(73.75%),其中年长儿组在吸入性过敏原中尘螨组合、屋尘阳性率明显高于婴幼儿组(P<0.05);试验组食入性过敏原阳性共61例(25.42%),其中年长儿组在食入性过敏原中海鱼组合、水果组合、蛋黄/蛋清阳性率明显低于婴幼儿组(P<0.05);随着年龄的增长,TIgE检测阳性率逐渐增高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。TIgE阳性患儿SIgE阳性率明显高于TIgE阴性患儿SIgE阳性率(P<0.05)。结论 血清SIgE与TIgE的检测客观、易行,且两者具有较好的相关性,两者同时检测对于慢性咳嗽患儿的诊断和治疗具有非常重要的临床实用价值,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum allergen-specific IgE(SIgE)as well as total IgE(TIgE)levels and chronic cough in children.Methods A total of 240 children with chronic cough who were treated in our hospital from June 2016 to July 2018 were enrolled as experimental group,at the same time,the other 240 healthy children who underwent physical examination in our hospital were enrolled as control group.The changes of serum levels of TIgE and SIgE were observed and compared between thw two groups.Results The serum levels of TIgE in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),and the positive detection rate of TIgE in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group(59.58%vs 5.42%,P<0.05).The positive rate of SIgE in experimental group was 78.75%(189/240),and the major ingestion allergens were in order(from high to low)were dust mite combination(59.58%),house dust(41.67%),animal group(29.17%),freshwater fish combination(10.83%)and marine fish combination(7.92%).There were significant differences in the positive rates of the major ingestion allergens including dust mite combination,house dust,hen egg protein,dog epithelium,cockroach and freshwater fish combination between younger infant group and the older infant group(P<0.05).The positive rate of inhale allergy in experimental group was 73.75%(177 cases),moreover,the positive proportion of dust mite combination and house dust in the older infant group was significantly higher than that in younger infant group(P<0.05).The positive rate of food allergy was 25.42%(25.42%),and the positive proportion of marine fish combination,soybeans and hen egg protein in older infant group was significantly lower than that in younger infant group(P<0.05).Of 240 children in experimental group,143(59.58%)were TIgE positive,in whom,34 cases(53.13%)were TIgE positive in younger infant group(64 cases),and 34 cases were SIgE positive,however,30 cases(46.87%)were TIgE negative in younger infant group,in whom,8 cases were SIgE positive.With the age increasing,the positive rate of TIgE was increased,but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The positive rate of SIgE in TIgE positive patients was significantly higher than that in TIgE negative patients(100%vs 47.42%,P<0.05).Conclusion The combined detection of serum SIgE and TIgE is objective and easy to be operated,which has a great clinical practical value in diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough in children.