数学教学中培养学生思辨能力的研究述评

A Review of Research on Cultivating Students’ Critical Thinking in Mathematics Teaching

采用内容分析法,对中国知网(CNKI)全文数据库中“思辨能力”“数学”的有效文献进行详细分析,从“概念内涵”“本质特征”“模型结构”“发展现状”“培养策略”等五个视角进行归类分析,呈现当前国内对于“数学学科教学中学生思辨能力培养”的研究现状。思辨能力研究中,名称确定、研究内容、研究方法、研究思路等方面还存在着诸多问题。数学学科视角下小学生思辨能力培养可从计算教学、概念教学、解决问题策略教学等内容入手,尝试开展基于核心问题、基于任务驱动的思辨性课堂教学实践,以期形成数学思辨能力培养的课堂教学范式。

This paper adopts the content analysis method to analyze the eff ective literatures on“critical thinking”and“mathematics”on CNKI in a detailed way.From the fi ve angles of concept connotation,essential features,model structure,developmental status and cultivating strategy,we have presented the current situation of research on cultivating students’critical thinking in mathematics teaching in China.There still exist some problems with such research including name determination,research content,research methods and research paths.To cultivate students’critical thinking,teachers may employ the strategies of calculation,conception and problem-solving instruction,trying to carry out the critical classroom teaching practice based on the core problems and tasks in hopes of formulating the paradigm of classroom teaching for cultivating mathematics critical thinking.