半导体激光器的偏振特性对验证马吕斯定律实验的影响

The Effect of Semiconductor Laser’s Polarizability on the Verifying Experiment of Malus’s Law

验证马吕斯定律常采用半导体激光器为光源,使激光先后通过两块偏振片,改变两块偏振片偏振化方向夹角,测量激光光强随夹角的变化关系,从而验证马吕斯定律。通常会误认为,实验中旋转任意一块偏振片都可以改变偏振片夹角,得到实验验证结果。但通过实验及理论分析发现,由于半导体激光器在各方向上振幅不等的偏振特征,只有转动第二块偏振片才能得到理想的实验验证结果。

The semi-conductivity laser is used in the verifying experiment of Malus’s Law.Laser goes through two polarizers,and the light intensity is measured with the change of the included angle between polarization directions of two polarizers.We always think that,experiment results are same,no matter which polarizer is rotated.Actually,because the amplitudes in all directions are not same for the semi-conductivity laser,rotation of the second polarizer is correct.