反英雄主义的幽默性崇高

The Humorous Sublimity of Antiheroism in Catch-22

约瑟夫·海勒的小说《第22条军规》是美国当代文学史上的经典之作,其反英雄叙事不仅是后现代文学的试验性手法,其中蕴含的反英雄主义思想更是传承了人文主义的自由理念,具有一种幽默性崇高的美学品格。传统英雄主义随着历史变迁而逐渐消解,应运而生的反英雄主义代表着时代最强音。然而,反英雄形象并不是昙花一现的应景之物,其文学形象在西方文学史中有谱系可寻,这就为黑色幽默的崇高性奠定了理论基础。海勒用寓庄于谐的语言和喜剧性形象来传达严肃的悲剧主题,对荒诞现实作出理性反思。海勒通过约塞连等人西西弗斯式的行动选择诠释了反英雄主义的新人文主义伦理观,进一步体现了该小说幽默性崇高的审美创新特征。

Joseph Heller’s novel Catch-22 has been extolled as a canonic work in the history of contemporary American literature.The antiheroic narrative not only serves as an experimental device of postmodern literature,but also conveys the thought of antiheroism inheriting the humanistic concept of freedom,and antiheroism displays aesthetic style of humorous sublimity.Traditional heroism has been deconstructed gradually in the process of historic changes and repalced by the rise of antiheroism as a kind of firm spokesperson for the time.Actually,the antiheroic figures are not just a flash in the pan as an occational product,for their literary images can be charted by a pedigree in the western literary history.Heller represents solemn and tragic themes with satiric words and comic images so as to maintain rational reflections upon absurd reality.Through a choice of Sisyphean action of Yossarian and other figures,Heller interprets a new code of humanistic ethics and further presents the creative aesthetic features of humorous sublimity.