空气弹簧附加气室对车体振动行为的影响研究

Study on the Influence of Air Spring Additional Volume on Carbody Vibration Behavior

基于铁道车辆整车动力学模型,分析了附加气室对车体振动行为的影响。首先推导并分析了空气弹簧附加气室容积对空气弹簧刚度的影响规律,随后,基于附加气室的空气弹簧线性模型,建立了铁道车辆的多体系统动力学模型,分析了附加气室容积对车体振动行为的影响。研究结果表明,附加气室容积的变化对车体垂向振动平稳性指标和垂向振动均方根值的影响明显,随着容积的增大,车体垂向振动不断减小,当附加气室容积大于60 L后,容积的进一步增大不会引起车体垂向振动的明显变化;从车体振动的频谱分析可以看出,附加气室容积的增大主要是降低了垂向振动主频下的振动能量,对其他频率下的振动能量有一定的影响,但幅度较小。

Based on the dynamic model of railway vehicle,the effect of additional air chamber on the vibration behavior of vehicle body is analyzed in this paper.Firstly,the influence law of air spring additional volume on the air spring's stiffness was derived and analyzed.Then,based on the air spring's linear model of additional volume,a multi-body system dynamic model of railway vehicle was established,analyzing the influence of additional volume on car body vibration behavior.The results show that the increasing of the additional volume has an obvious effect on the vertical sperling index and the root mean square value of the vertical vibration.As the volume increases,the vertical vibration of the car body decreases continuously.When the additional volume is more than 60 L,the volume of the further increase will not cause significant changes in the vertical vibration of car body.As can be seen from the spectrum analysis of car body vertical vibration,the additional volume mainly reduces the vibration energy under the main frequency of vertical vibration and has certain influence on the vibration energy at other frequencies,but the amplitude is small.