刑事法官采信鉴定意见模式的弊端及对策——以暂予监外执行案件为研究样本

The Malpractice and Countermeasures of the Mode of Accepting Appraisal Opinion by Criminal Judges ——With the Sample of the Case of Temporary Execution outside Prison

近年来,暂予监外执行案件持续增多已是不争的事实。暂予监外执行意味着罪犯不需再关押服刑,这体现了现代刑事政策的人权保护理念,但如果适用不当会背离惩治犯罪的目的需要。如何在人权保障和惩治犯罪之间找到平衡点是当下最需迫切解决的问题。本文主要分析鉴定报告这一客观因素在交付执行前监外执行案件中的影响力。本文选取了S省B市2012年至2016年期间的部分决定书和鉴定报告为样本,通过分析可以明确得出一个结论:鉴定结论直接影响到一名罪犯是否适用监外执行。这种结论的得出必然会产生许多不良影响,例如剥夺了法官的裁决权、容易造成鉴定权的滥用等,为有效解决这一问题,根据实践经验有针对性的提出了对策建议。

Nowadays,there are more and more cases which are served outside prison.This means that criminals don’t have do be held inside prison,which embodies a human right protection concept of the modern criminal policy.However,if we don’t use it properly,maybe it will be opposite to the purpose of punishing of crimes.The most urgent problem is to find a balance point between the guarantee of human right and punishing the criminals.The influence of the objective factor of appraisal report in the case of external execution before delivery is mainly analyzed in this thesis.In this thesis,some verdicts and appraisal reports of B city,S province from 2012 to 2016 are selected as samples,and a clear conclusion can be drawn through the analysis:the conclusion of identification has direct impact on whether a criminal is suitable for out-of-prison execution.This conclusion is bound to have some adverse effects,such as depriving the judges of their discretion and easy to cause abuse of expert power,etc.In order to solve this problem,some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward according to practical experience.