无人机救灾中的多目标物资装配和投放点定位研究

Research on assembly of multi-objective supplies and cargo container location of drone disaster relief

文章以2019美国大学生数学建模B题为例,对无人机救灾中的多目标物资装配和投放定位进行了研究。首先,以无人机数量尽可能少、医疗包的数量尽可能多、无人机的飞行距离尽可能远和集装箱利用率尽可能高为目的,建立了多目标整数规划模型。在至少满足波多黎各一个月的医疗包需求以及其他约束条件下,为3个集装箱提供了相应的打包配置。其次,使用空间多层次叠加算法来确定集装箱的最佳投放位置。通过熵值法来给土壤类别、水文、坡度、道路网络、居民分布、医疗中心和重灾地区等影响集装箱投放位置的因素进行赋权。利用ArcGIS软件对各因素进行加权叠加后,筛选出灰度大于6.5的地区,再通过无人机的飞行距离确定集装箱最佳的放置区域。最后,根据道路节点确定3个集装箱的经纬度分别是(18.267 313,﹣65.875 327),(18.279 049,﹣66.141 528),(18.315 155,﹣66.579 81)。

Taking 2019 American college students’mathematical modeling B problem as an example,this paper studied the assembly of multi-objective supplies and cargo container location of drone disaster relief.Firstly,the purpose is to establish a multi-objective integer programming model under the premise that the number of drones is as small as possible,the number of medical packages is as large as possible,and the flight distance of the drone is as far as possible and the cargo container utilization rate is as high as possible.Three cargo containers are provided with a packaging configuration that meets Puerto Rico’s medical requirements for at least one month and other constraints.Next,the spatial multi-layer overlay analysis algorithm is used to determine the optimal placement of the cargo container.The entropy evaluation method is used to give weight in many factors,such as soil type,hydrology,slope,road network,distribution of residents,medical center location,and areas with severe disasters.After weighting each factor,ArcGIS software was used for spatial multi-layer overlay analysis.Select a region with a grayscale greater than 6.5.Then determine the optimal placement area of the cargo container by the flight distance of the drone.Finally,based on the road network information,the exact coordinates of the three container locations are determined.They are(18.267 313,-65.875 327),(18.279 049,-66.141 528),and(18.315 155,-66.579 81).