“箱式治理”:自治、法治与德治的作用边界与实践效应——以湖北省京山市乡村振兴探索为例

“Box Governance”: the Role and Practice Effect of Autonomy,Rule of Law and Rule by Virtue——Taking the Exploration of Rural Revitalization in Jingshan,Hubei Province as an Example

实现乡村善治需要构建自治、法治与德治相结合的治理体系。自治包含自律与他律两条原则,是法律与道德规则双重约束下的弹性治理,自治、法治、德治互构为一个"三治"结合的"箱式治理"结构。在这其中,法律边界与道德边界规定了有效治理的空间,突破两者的边界为"违法"或"违德"的无效治理。自治在法治与德治所约束的范围内上下位移,形成不同的治理类型。在偏向德治的一方为"德主法辅型自治",偏向法治的一方为"法主德辅型自治",居中为典型的"德法均衡型自治",是最优型治理。推进乡村振兴战略,追求有效治理,应区分失效治理、低效治理与高效治理,赋予乡村善治一定的弹性空间,既要以法治与德治方式促进自治,又要在自治活动中培育深化人们的法治精神与德治观念。

To achieve good governance in the countryside requires the establishment of a governance system that combines autonomy,the rule of law,and the rule of virtue.Autonomy includes the two autonomy principles of self-discipline and other laws.It is a flexible governance under the dual constraints of legal and moral rules.The three are mutually structured as a box-like governance structure combining the three governances.Among them,the legal boundary and the moral boundary stipulate the space for effective governance.After breaking the boundary between the two,it is the invalid governance of“illegal”or“violation”.Autonomy shifts up and down within the scope of the rule of law and the rule of virtue,and forms different types of governance.The party that favors the rule of virtue is the“German-dominated autonomy of the Lord”,and the party that favors the rule of law is“the law-governor-dependent autonomy”,and the centrality is the typical“German-Frequency-balanced autonomy”,which is the optimal governance.Promoting the strategy of rural revitalization and pursuing effective governance should distinguish between failure management,inefficient governance and efficient governance,and give the village a certain flexible space for“good governance”.It is necessary to promote self-government by the rule of law and the rule of virtue,and to cultivate deepening in autonomous activities.People’s rule of law spirit and the concept of rule of virtue.