以“奴”起小字与西域粟特文化

Naming with a Vandak in Chinese Names and Sogdian Culture

田中一成在《中国祭祀戏剧研究》中认为敦煌文书中的“某某奴”表明该人的奴隶身份,这其实是误读。“奴”在一个人的名前表明其为奴隶,而在词尾则是名或小字。以“奴”起小字自晋代以来大江南北颇为多见,而尤以契丹人为伙。其根源,则为粟特人的取名文化,即某某神祇之奴。其影响途径是大西域与东土之间宗教文化的交流,丝绸之路是重要的渠道之一。

Tanaka said that Chinese character slave in the name of Dun Huang manuscript indicates the slave status of the person.It is actually a mistake.If there is a character slave before a name,it tells his slave status;if after,it is none other than a name.Since Jin Dynasty,the character slave in the names has become common in China.The root cause is the name culture of the Sogdians in the inner Asia.The Sogdians came to China for trading,and their names with a Vandak had an impact upon Chinese names.