基于前景理论量化充电效用的浮动充电服务费优化

Optimization of Floating Charging Service Fee Based on the Prospect Theory for Quantifying Charging Utility

通过价格手段对电动汽车的充电行为进行引导,有助于削弱大量电动汽车接入对电力系统产生的不良影响。文章提出一种针对充电浮动服务费的优化模型,引导电动汽车用户更合理地充电。首先考虑用户偏好进行用户分类,并在此基础上建立基于前景理论的用户充电效用模型;其次采用转移概率矩阵建立电动汽车用户的价格响应模型;然后综合考虑电网、充电站和用户的利益,建立浮动服务费的多目标优化模型;最后采用非均匀变异操作对基于自适应网格归档的多目标粒子群算法进行改进并对所建模型进行了求解。以某典型城区为例,对比分析了不同基线负荷下浮动服务费优化结果,不同服务费机制下的用户价格响应结果以及不同用户构成下的用户响应行为,验证了本文所述机制和模型的正确性和有效性。结果表明,文章所提浮动服务费机制及其优化模型可以在分时电价的基础上进一步对电动汽车充电行为进行引导,并起到削峰填谷和保证多方利益的作用。

Guiding the charging behavior of electric vehicles (EVs) through price means helps to reduce the adverse effects of a large number of EVs access to the power system. This paper proposes an optimization model for floating charging service fee to guide EV users to charge more reasonably. Firstly,EV users are classified according to user preference. And on this basis,user’s charging utility model based on prospect theory is established. Secondly,the transfer probability matrix is used to establish the price response model of EV users. Then comprehensively considering the interests of the grid,charging stations and users,a multi-objective optimization model is established for floating service fee. Finally,the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is improved on the basis of adaptive grid archiving by non-uniform mutation operation and the model is solved by using the proposed algorithm. Taking a typical urban area as an example,the optimization results of floating service fee under different base loads,the user price response results under different service fee mechanisms and the user response behavior under different user compositions are compared and analyzed. The correctness and effectiveness of the mechanism and model described in this paper are verified. The results of these examples showthat the floating service fee mechanism and its optimization model mentioned in this paper can further guide the charging behavior based on the time-of-use electricity price mechanism and play the role of cutting peak and filling the valley as well as ensuring the interests of all aspects.