基于GIS的盐亭县白芷种植生境适宜性评价

Habitat suitability evaluation for Angelica dahurica planting in Yanting county,Sichuan province based on GIS

分析道地药材生境适宜性,对于发展中药材种植业,保护药材资源,合理规划引种具有重要意义。该文基于GIS技术,应用层次分析法分析四川省盐亭县白芷种植生境适宜性空间分异规律。研究中结合四川省盐亭县地理环境特征与道地药材白芷种植的生境需求,利用专家经验法筛选出生态因子评价指标,构建盐亭县白芷种植适宜性评价体系;评价中采用层次分析法对指标权重进行定量计算,并利用Delphi法进行生态因子分级赋值;利用GIS技术将评价因子进行空间化表达;最后采取因子加权综合评价模型,借助Arc GIS 10. 3软件的空间叠加分析功能得到盐亭县白芷种植适宜性综合评价图。结果显示:白芷在四川省盐亭县具有广泛的适宜种植区,其中最适宜面积为165. 01 km2,主要在盐亭县南部低山丘陵区,海拔适中,土壤肥沃疏松;适宜区面积798. 92 km2,在全县境内分布较广,中西部各乡镇均有分布;次适宜区面积为0. 33 km2,该区域内土壤黏性较大、海拔高、温度较低,不利于白芷的生长发育。因地制宜、科学规划对于发展当地道地药材特色种植产业具有指导作用。

It is of great significance to analyze habitable suitability of genuine medicinal materials for Chinese herbal medicine planting according to local environment,for medicinal resources protecting and for reasonable planning introduction. Based on GIS technology,the analytic hierarchy process was applied to analyze the spatial differentiation of habitat suitability of Angelica dahurica in Yanting county of Sichuan province. The evaluation combined local geographical environment characteristics and habitat requirements for A. dahurica planting and adopted the expert experience method to screen out the evaluation index for establishing evaluation system.With the established evaluation system,the index weight of evaluating index was determined by analytic hierarchy process and their grouping values were assigned by Delphi method. The all evaluating index were translated into index distribution maps using Arc GIS software. Using the comprehensive factor weighted evaluating model and spatial index distribution map,the evaluation was obtained by means of the overlay analysis function of Arc GIS 10. 3 software. Results showed that A. dahurica had a wide range of suitable planting areas in Yanting county. Highly suitable areas amounted to 165. 01 km2,and mainly distributed in the low hilly area with moderate elevation and fertile soil. Moderately suitable areas amounted to 798. 92 km2 which had extensive distribution in middle and west part of the county. Marginally suitable areas amounted to 0. 33 km2,where the soil was highly viscous with high altitude and low temperature that was not conducive to the growth and development of A. dahurica. Adapting to local conditions and scientific planning plays an important role in the development of local characteristic planting industry of genuine medicinal materials.