蒙古族药山沉香的镇痛与镇静作用研究

Analgesic and sedative effects of Mongolian medicine Syringa pinnatifolia

山沉香是一种特色的蒙古族药,蒙古族医认为其具有抑赫依、止痛等功效,主治心刺痛、心悸、心烦、失眠等症。依据蒙古族医理论和临床实践的指导,该研究通过醋酸扭体、福尔马林、热板3种镇痛模型评价了山沉香乙醇提取物(T)的镇痛效果,通过自主活动和戊巴比妥协同实验评价了T的镇静效果,同时采用ELISA、免疫组化、Western blot、PCR技术探讨了T对γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)能神经系统的影响。结果显示,T可显著减少小鼠的扭体次数、舔足时间,延长小鼠的热阈值,提示T的镇痛作用;T可减少小鼠的活动次数、睡眠潜伏期,延长睡眠维持时间,提示其镇静作用;ELISA结果显示T可提高大鼠皮层、海马、下丘脑中γ-氨基丁酸/谷氨酸(GABA/Glu)的含量,且下丘脑中最显著;免疫组化及Western blot结果显示,T可上调下丘脑中谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD67)蛋白表达;PCR结果显示,T可上调GABAARα1,α2,α3,α5,β1~3,γ1~3基因的表达,提示其通过GABA能神经系统发挥镇静作用。该研究为山沉香的理论基础和临床应用提供了科学依据,也为后续的开发应用提供了启示。

The peeled root,stem or twig of Syringa pinnatifolia is a representative Mongolian folk medicine with the effects of antidepression and pain relief. It has been used for the treatments of heart tingling,heart palpitations,upset,insomnia and other symptoms. Inspired by Mongolian medical theory and clinical practices,this study evaluated the analgesic effect of S. pinnatifolia ethanol extract( T) through three analgesic models including acetic acid writhing test,formalin test,and hot plate test,and the sedative effect of T was evaluated by locomotor activity and synergistic sleeping experiments,and furthermore the effects of T on the GABAergic nervous system were investigated by ELISA,immunohistochemistry,Western blot,and PCR methods. The results showed that T can significantly reduce the number of writhing,the time of paw licking and extend the thermal threshold of mice,suggesting the analgesic effect of T.T also can indicate its sedative effect by reducing the number of activities,decreasing latency of sleeping and extending sleeping time of mice. ELISA results showed that T can increase the content of GABA/Glu in rat cortex,hippocampus,and hypothalamus,and the most significant increase in hypothalamus. The immunohistochemistry and Western blot results showed that T can up-regulate the expression of GAD67 protein in hypothalamus,and the PCR results showed that T can up-regulate the expression of GABAA Rα1,α2,α3,α5,β1-3,γ1-3 genes,suggesting a sedative effect through the GABAergic nervous system. In conclusion,this study shed insight into the theoretical basis and clinical application of S. pinnatifolia,and also provides inspiration for subsequent development and application.