香橼柠檬捕食螨和叶螨发生动态初报

Pilot study of the population dynamics of predatory mites and pest leaf mites in citron-lemon orchards

【目的】为了明确香橼柠檬园中,捕食螨及叶螨发生动态,明确天敌捕食螨对叶螨的自然控制作用。【方法】定期定点,在果园中采用振落法统计捕食螨和叶螨数量;田间采集叶片室内统计柑橘瘿螨数量;盘拍后采集捕食螨标本,室内玻片鉴定捕食螨种类。【结果】在不使用化学杀螨剂的香橼柠檬园中,植绥螨科种类是香橼柠檬树上天敌捕食螨中的优势种类;植绥螨科中的优势种类是纽氏肩绥螨Scapulaseius newsami;纽氏肩绥螨种群在田间可以保持稳定的增长;镰螯螨科种群受环境影响较大,种群数量变化趋势和柑橘瘿螨Phyllocoptes oleiverus相似。【结论】在不使用化学杀螨剂的香橼柠檬园中,捕食螨种类丰富,自然天敌可以有效的发挥对柑橘全爪螨Panonchus citri的控制作用。

[Objectives] To clarify the population dynamics of predatory mites and pest leaf mites in citron-lemon orchards, and the degree to which pest leaf mites are controlled by predatory mites under natural conditions. [Methods] The abundance of predatory mites and citrus red mites were measured using the shaking-off plate method at fixed sites. The abundance of citrus eriophyid mites was measured by collecting lemon leaves and counting mites under a stereo-microscope. Samples of predatory mites were obtained using the plant-flapping plate method, and species identified under a microscope. [Results] In citron-lemon orchards that had not been treated with acaricides, phytoseiid mites were the dominant predatory mites on lemon trees, and Scapulaseius newsami was the dominant phytoseiid mite species. S. newsami can maintain stable populations in orchards, the abundance of Tydeidae mites is affected by the environment, and the population dynamics of Tydeidae mites and Phyllocoptes oleiverus was similar. [Conclusion] In citron-lemon orchards that have not been treated with acaricides, predatory mites are sufficiently abundant that they can effectively control citrus red mites.