老年人健康照护需求评估工具的编制

Development of health care needs assessment tool for the elderly

目的编制符合我国国情并适用于居家老年人的健康照护需求评估工具。方法以Zuluaga-Raysmith模型理论为指导,通过文献回顾、理论分析、专家评议、专家咨询、预调查等方法形成老年人健康照护需求评估工具。结果初步形成包括10个一级条目、72个二级条目,适用于居家老年人的健康照护需求评估工具条目池,经3轮全国范围专家咨询、预调查形成7个一级条目、10个二级条目和61个三级条目的居家老年人健康照护需求评估工具。专家权威系数为0.791,专家积极系数100%,专家协调系数0.935(P<0.05)。结论该评估工具的条目池的形成合理,Delphi专家咨询的结果可靠,经调试后量表可推广使用,能帮助医务人员快速全面了解老年人健康照护需求现况,为精准构建老年人长期照护服务体系提供支持,助力社区/居家养老发展。

Objective To develop a health care needs assessment tool for the elderly at home,which is in line with China's national conditions.Methods Guided by Zuluaga-Raysmith model theory,a health care needs assessment tool for the elderly was developed through literature review,theoretical analysis,expert review,expert consultation and pre-survey.Results An item pool of 10 first-level items and 72 second-level items,which were suitable for home-based elderly health care needs assessment tools was initially formed.Through three rounds of national expert consultation and pre-survey,an elderly health care needs assessment tool consisting of 7 first-level items,10 second-level items and 61 third-level items was formed.The expert authority coefficient was 0.791,the expert positive coefficient was 100%,and the expert coordination coefficient was 0.935(P<0.05).Conclusions The pool of items for the assessment tool is reasonably formed,the results of Delphi expert consultation are reliable.The scale can be widely used after adjustment.It can help medical staff quickly and comprehensively understand the current situation of health care needs of the elderly,provide support for the accurate construction of long-term care service system for the elderly,and support the development of community/home care for the elderly.