2014-2018年北京市海淀区布鲁氏菌病重点职业人群监测血清学结果分析

Serological surveillance results of brucellosis in key populations with occupational exposure in Haidian district, Beijing,2014–2018

目的对北京市海淀区布鲁氏菌病(布病)重点职业人群监测的血清学结果进行分析,了解重点职业人群的感染状况,为疾病的防控提供参考信息。方法 2014-2018年以海淀区选定区域牛羊散养户和动物疫病所的工作人员为布病重点人群,采集全血,按照《布鲁氏菌病诊断标准》(WS 269-2007)中标准试管凝集方法(SAT)对采集的血清中抗体进行检测,使用SPSS22.0软件进行统计分析,分析方法采用χ^2检验。结果共检测血清样本243例,布病抗体阳性7例,阳性率为2.88%,7例均未发现布病症状,不同年份阳性率差异无统计学意义(使用Fisher精确检验法,P>0.05)。不同职业人群中,饲养员阳性率为3.03%;牛、羊均接触的人群血清阳性率为4.84%,只接触牛的人群阳性率为3.66%,只接触羊的人群阳性率为1.01%。结论北京市海淀区2014-2018年布病重点职业人群为兽医及饲养员,接触牲畜主要为牛、羊,应加强防控知识的宣传教育,做好动物的免疫,及早发现感染病例,掌握疫情趋势,做好布病的防治工作。

Objective To analysis the serological surveillance result of brucellosis in key populations with occupational exposure in Haidian district of Beijing from 2014 to 2018, understand the infection status of Brucella in key populations with occupational exposure and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of brucellosis. Methods In selected area of Haidian district, the breeders of cow or sheep and veterinaries were considered as the populations with occupational exposure to Brucella, The blood samples were collected from them for standard tube agglutination test(SAT) to detect the antibody to Brucella according to Diagnostic Criteria for Brucellosis(WS 269-2007). Software SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis and χ^2 test was used as the analysis method. Results A total of 243 serum samples were detected, and 7 serological positive cases without symptoms were detected, the positive rate was 2.88%, there was no significant difference among different years(in Fisher’s exact test, P>0.05). The serum positive rate in breeders was 3.03%;the serum positive rate in people who had contact with cow and sheep was 4.84%, the positive rate was 3.66% in people who had contact only with cow and 1.01% in people who had contact only with sheep. Conclusion The key populations with occupational exposure to Brucella were veterinaries and breeders in Haidian from 2014 to 2018. The main risk animals were cow and sheep. It is necessary to strengthen the health education about prevention and control brucellosis, immunize animals, conduct early detection of infection cases and monitor the epidemic trend for the effective prevention and treatment of brucellosis.