心脏修复与再生治疗的干细胞研究进展

Stem cell therapy for cardiac repair and regeneration

缺血性心脏病是全球范围内人类死亡的主要原因,可简单分为冠状动脉血管问题和心肌问题。冠状动脉血管狭窄、堵塞,导致血流中断,引起心肌梗死。针对冠状动脉血管狭窄、堵塞,临床多采用药物溶栓,或行经皮冠状动脉介入术、冠状动脉搭桥术等方法恢复血流灌注,但我国缺血性心脏病病死率并未因上述技术的开展下降,反而呈增高趋势。分析其原因,是心肌梗死发作时心肌细胞大量死亡,而目前缺乏使梗死心肌修复的有效方法,从而导致治疗失败。因此,在基本解决血管堵塞问题后,探寻梗死心肌修复、再生的方法是临床研究的重点。近年来,有关干细胞的研究不断深入,干细胞诱导心肌再生技术不断获得突破。本文就心脏修复与再生治疗的干细胞研究进展作一综述。

Ischemic heart disease is a major killer and disease burden in the world,and can be simply divided into coronary vascular problems and myocardial problems.Interruption of blood flow due to stenosis and blockage of blood vessels leads to myocardial infarction,which,at present,can be effectively treated by drugs,percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting so as to restore the recanalization of blood supply.However,the mortality of ischemic heart disease in China has not decreased but increased,which is caused by the lacking of effectivemethods to replace the large amount of myocardial infarcted cells died in the attack of myocardial infarction.Therefore,after the basic solution of the problem of blood vessel blockage,how to effectively solve the problem of supplementing infarcted myocardium has become the top priority of future research.In recent years,with the deepening research of stem cells,the technique of myocardial regeneration by stem cells has achieved more and more breakthroughs.This paper reviews the development and progress of cardiac repair and regeneration.