我国老年人收入、消费现状及问题分析——基于2015年第四次中国城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查

Analysis on the Status quo and Problems of the Income and Consumption of Chinese Older Adults:On the Basis of the Fourth Sample Survey(2015) on the Living Conditions of China’s Urban and Rural Older Persons

老年人经济状况不但关系到老年人个人生活质量的提高,而且关系到全面建成小康社会目标的实现,全面掌握我国城乡老年人的收入和消费状况意义重大。从2015年第四次中国城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查数据来看,我国城乡老年人收入平稳增长,差距不断缩小。城乡老年人消费水平持续增长,消费结构不断优化,消费热点不断形成;但社会保障体系不完善、再就业条件有限、产业发展滞后等因素制约了老年人收入和消费的进一步改善。对此,需要进一步完善社会保障体系,加强老年人力资源开发,加快老龄产业发展,优化消费环境,畅通信息渠道,不断提高老年人收入、消费水平。

Economic conditions of the elderly relate not only to the quality of life of the elderly,but also to the realization of goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Therefore,it is of great significance to comprehensively grasp the income and consumption data of China’s Urban and Rural Older Persons.From the data of the Fourth Sample Survey on the Living Conditions of China’s Urban and Rural Older Persons in 2015,we can see the income of the urban and rural elderly in China has grown steadily and the gap between the two has been narrowing.The level of consumption continues to grow,the structure is sustainably optimized,and consumption hotspots are constantly forming.However,the further improvement of the income and consumption levels of Chinese older adults has been restricted due to an inadequate social security system,an incomplete re-employment environment and backward industrial development.In this regard,we need to further improve the social security system,enhance the development of the elderly human resources,accelerate the development of the silver industry,optimize the consumption environment,improve people’s access to information,and continuously improve the income and consumption levels of the elderly.