影像科护士共情能力与职业倦怠和主观幸福感的关系

Relationship between empathy and job burnout and subjective well-being of nurses in imaging department

目的调查影像科护士的共情能力、职业倦怠和主观幸福感现状,分析共情能力与职业倦怠和主观幸福感的关系。方法采用方便抽样法选取210名影像科护士,采用人际反应指针量表(IRI-C)、Maslach职业倦怠量表-服务行业版(MBI-HSS)、幸福感指数量表(IWB)进行调查。结果共发放问卷210份,回收有效问卷203份,有效回收率为96.67%。203名护士的IRI-C总均分为(2.46±0.44)分;MBI-HSS问卷中情绪耗竭均分为(2.71±0.54)分,情感淡漠均分为(1.53±0.32)分,个人成就感均分为(2.53±0.56)分;IWB总均分为(10.49±1.29)分。影像科护士的IRI-C总分与MBI-HSS各维度评分呈明显负相关,与IWB评分呈明显著正相关(P<0.05)。结构方程模型分析显示,影像科护士的共情能力对职业倦怠与主观幸福感具有中介效应(0.599,95%CI为0.413~0.815)。结论影像科护士的共情能力是职业倦怠对主观幸福感负面影响的保护因子,在职业倦怠与主观幸福感中具有部分中介作用。

Objective To study empathic ability,job burnout and subjective well-being of nurses in imaging,and to analyze their relationship. Methods 210 imaging nurses were selected by convenient sampling method,and interpersonal response index scale(IRI-C),Maslach burnout scale(MBI-HSS),and well-being index scale(IWB) were used for the investigation. Results A total of 210 questionnaires were distributed and 203 were effectively recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 96.67%. The IRI-C scores of the 203 nurses were(2.46±0.44). In the MBI-HSS questionnaire,emotional exhaustion was(2.71±0.54),emotional apathy was(1.53±0.32),and personal achievement was(2.53±0.56). IWB had a total score of(10.49±1.29). The IRI-C total score of nurses in the imaging department was significantly negatively correlated with the MBI-HSS scores in all dimensions,and was significantly positively correlated with the IWB score(P<0.05). Structural equation model analysis showed that the empathy of nurses in the imaging department had a mediating effect on job burnout and subjective well-being(0.599,95%ci:0.413~0.815). Conclusions The empathy ability of nurses in the imaging department is the protective factor of the negative effect of job burnout on subjective well-being,which plays a part of mediating role in job burnout and subjective well-being.