居住方式对贫困老年人口社会支持的影响研究

Study on the Influence of Living Pattern on Social Support for the Elderly in Poverty

目前,我国已进入快速老龄化阶段,且随着家庭规模的缩小,选择独居的老人愈发增多,但是由子女提供物质及生活支持的家庭养老依旧是目前主要的赡养模式。因此,本研究以社会支持理论为研究框架,以贫困老人为研究对象,使用定量研究方法考察居住方式对贫困老人获得社会支持的影响。研究发现,非独居方式与贫困老人在经济支持、生活照料、精神慰藉和健康状况四个维度上呈现显著正相关关系。根据研究结论提出政策建议:应弘扬传统儒家文化,健全家庭养老方式;政府和用人单位提供保障,倡导子女关心照护老人;调整税收政策,减轻需赡养老人的家庭纳税负担;发挥社区能动性,为独居贫困老人建档立卡,满足需求和生活保障。

At present,China has entered the high speed aging period.With the shrinking of family size,the number of elderly people who choose to live alone is increasing.However,family pension with material and life support provided by children is still the main mode of support.In this study,we take the theory of social support as the research framework,add the measurement dimension of medical health.We select the poor elderly aged 60 years and over as the research object,and use quantitative research methods to examine the four aspects of living style on the poor elderly:economic status,life care,emotional comfort and medical health status.The study found that the elderly living with family get more support than those who living alone.According to the conclusions,policy recommendations are put forward:encourage the promotion of traditional Confucian culture;the government and enterprises should provide policy to help children support elderly people;adjust tax policies to reduce the tax burden of families who need to support the elderly;community should establish file and pay more attention for elderly living alone in poverty.