川北丘陵区土地利用方式对地表侵蚀产沙的影响

Study on the Influence of Land Utilization Type on Soil Erosion Processes in Northern Sichuan Hilly Region

采用野外长期定位观测试验的方法,研究了蔬菜种植、农作物混种和饲草种植影响下的产流产沙过程,分析土地利用方式对地表侵蚀产沙过程的影响。结果表明:不同土地利用方式对多年平均径流量影响较弱,但农作物混种和饲草种植对径流量的年际变化规律有明显影响。农作物混种和饲草种植小区径流量在2005—2016年呈“双峰”现象,而蔬菜种植小区和CK均呈“单峰”现象。土地利用方式的差异对泥沙含量大小的影响强于对其年际变化规律的影响,CK泥沙含量显著高于蔬菜、农作物混种和饲草种植处理,分别为后者的1.63、2.65和2.56倍。改变土地利用方式对降低土壤侵蚀强度作用显著,较CK 3种土地利用方式可降低土壤侵蚀强度2.68~7.42倍。

Based on a long-term field location monitoring, the runoff and sediment yielding processes under the influence of vegetable planting, crops interplanting and forage grass planting was studied, and the influence of land utilization type on soil erosion processes was analyzed. The results indicated that land utilization type had important influence on annual variety regulation of runoff. The change trends of runoff in T3(crops interplanting)and T4(planting forage grass) all showed a double peak phenomena, in contrast, those of T1(planting vegetable)and T2(bare land, CK) all just had a single peak in the monitoring period of 2005-2016. However, there was no significant influence on mean annual runoff for different land utilization types;Land utilization type had stronger influence on the amount of sediment content than that on its annual change trend. The sediment content of CK(T2) was significant higher than those in the other 3 treatments(T1, T3, T4), and the former were 1.63, 2.65 and2.56 times of the latter respectively;The change of land utilization types had significant effect on reducing soil erosion intensity. Compare to CK, the soil erosion modulus in the other 3 treatments can be reduced by 2.68-7.42 times.