开放性悖论的形成机理与治理对策

Formation Mechanism and Governance Strategies of the Paradox of Openness

开放式创新的跨组织合作问题已广受关注,但鲜有关于开放性悖论形成机理的研究。本文基于“动机→行为→绩效”的研究范式,分析了开放性悖论的产生过程并提出其治理对策。研究表明:有限理性、非对称信息以及不确定性助长了组织的机会主义行为,是引发开放性悖论的主要原因;解决开放性悖论的关键是如何实现组织的知识共享与价值获取间的战略平衡;契约、声誉、信任与关系规范等机制的联合使用,将在遏制机会主义、保护独占性、提高开放度等方面治理开放性悖论。

The paradox of openness has become a growing theme in the open innovation literature,but there are few studies focus on the formation mechanism of the paradox.Based on the research paradigm of“motivation→behavior→performance”,this paper analyzes the formation mechanism of the paradox of openness and puts forward some governance strategies.We find that the combination of bounded rationality,asymmetric information and uncertainty facilitates opportunism is the principal element result in the paradox of openness.We also find that to achieve the strategic balance between resource input and value acquisition is the way to governance the paradox of openness.By coalescing the theory of contract and relational governance,some governance mechanisms are proposed to deal with the paradox of openness in this study.Our findings suggest that the combined effect of contract,trust,reputation and relational norms can play a key role in restraining opportunism,protecting exclusivity and improving openness.