监狱医院建立高血压健康管理小组对高血压病犯遵医行为的影响

Effect of establishing hypertension health management team in prison hospitals on compliance behavior of hypertensive inmates

目的通过建立健康管理小组进行对比性研究,探讨监狱里高血压病管理的合适模式。方法选择2016年1月至2017年12月海南省司法医院新康监狱里的高血压病罪犯162例,组建高血压病健康管理小组进行健康教育,包括讲座、个别强化指导和组织活动等方式,对比研究病犯在参与健康管理小组前及参与管理后在规范用药、戒烟限酒、低盐饮食、合理运动、控制体重等方面的差异,动态监测血压变化,以及病犯的遵医情况。结果通过在监狱医院建立高血压健康管理小组活动后,病犯对高血压相关理论知识、危险因素、防治知识及由高血压导致的严重后果的了解人数及了解程度较参与前有显著提高,分别由参与教育前的8.02%、9.26%、8.02%、11.11%提升至参与教育后的65.43%、80.25%、62.96%、67.28%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);病犯在规范用药、低盐饮食、控制体重、戒烟限酒、适量运动、监测血压等方面的遵医率较参与前有显著提高,分别由参与管理前的29.01%、37.04%、23.46%、20.99%、34.57%、25.31%提升至管理后的93.83%、87.65%、74.07%、73.46%、67.28%、95.68%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论建立和健全高血压健康管理小组活动可以促进病犯掌握自我管控技能;实施良好的自我管理方式,是提高监狱服刑病犯遵医行为、提高服药治疗率、血压达标率的基本保证。

Objective By comparative study with setting up healthy managing groups,to explore the suitable models for the management of hypertension patients in prison.Methods A total of 162 hypertensive prisoners in Xinkang Prison,Hainan Provincial Judicial Hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 were selected as research subjects.A hypertension health management group was set up to conduct health education to the subjects,including lectures,individual strengthened guidance,and group activities.Standardized medication,smoking cessation,alcohol restriction,low-salt diet,reasonable exercise,and weight control were compared before and after the management.Dynamic monitoring of blood pressure was performed,and medical compliance of patients was recorded.Results After establishing the hypertension health management group in the prison hospital,the numbers of patients with knowledge about the hypertension,risk factors,prevention knowledge,and the serious consequences caused by hypertension were significantly higher than those before the management,with the rates increasing from 8.02%,9.26%,8.02%,and 11.11%before management to 65.43%,80.25%,62.96%,and 67.28%after management(P<0.05).The compliance rates of patients in standardized medication,low-salt diet,weight control,smoking cessation,alcohol restriction,moderate exercise,and blood pressure monitoring increased significantly from 29.01%,37.04%,23.46%,20.99%,34.57%,25.31%before management to 93.83%,87.65%,74.07%,73.46%,67.28%,95.68%after management,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion Establishing and improving the activities of hypertension health management group can promote self-management skills of the prisoners,which are the basic guarantee to improve the prisoners'compliance behavior,drug treatment rate,and blood pressure standard-reaching rate.