重金属和酞酸酯复合污染对土壤酶活性的影响

Effects of Combined Pollution of Heavy Metals and Phthalate Esters on Soil Enzyme Activities

探讨了重金属与酞酸酯复合污染对脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性的影响,旨在为研究利用土壤酶活性评价土壤重金属复合污染的可行性提供科学支撑,以土壤环境中的2类典型污染物:重金属(Cd、Zn、Pb)和酞酸酯(DMP、DnBP、DEHP)为研究对象,采用均匀试验设计,通过室内试验的方法,观察6种不同性质的无机与有机污染(Cd、Pb、Zn、DEHP、DMP、DnBP)复合污染。影响土壤脲酶活性的主要因子依次为:Cd>DnBP×DMP>Pb×DMP>DMP×Zn>DnBP>Zn;影响过氧化氢酶活性的主要因子依次为:Cd>Pb>DMP×Zn>DnBP×Pb>DMP>Zn。复合投加2类污染物能使土壤酶活性受到不同程度的抑制,且抑制率随时间的推移而下降,重金属和酞酸酯复合污染与污染物的浓度密切相关,但脲酶活性较过氧化氢更为敏感。

In order to provide scientific support for the feasibility of using soil enzyme activities to evaluate the combined pollution of heavy metals in soil,the effects of combined pollution of heavy metals and phthalate esters on the activities of urease and catalase were explored.In this study,heavy metals(Cd,Zn,Pb)and phthalate esters(DMP,DnBP,DEHP)were analyzed in experiments.Six kinds of inorganic and organic pollutants(Cd,Pb,Zn,DEHP,DMP,DnBP)with different properties were observed through uniform design.The main factors affecting soil urease activity were Cd>DnBP×DMP>Pb×DMP>DMP>DMP×Zn>DnBP>Zn,and the main factors affecting catalase activity were Cd>Pb>DMP×Zn>DnBP×Pb>DMP>Zn.Compound addition of two pollutants could inhibit soil enzyme activity in varying degrees,and the inhibition rate decreased with time.Compound pollution of heavy metals and phthalates was closely related to the concentration of pollutants,but urease activity was more sensitive than hydrogen peroxide.