论古埃及奥西里斯神的能动性

Study of the Motility of God Osiris in Ancient Egypt

奥西里斯是古埃及历史上重要神明之一,他承载着古埃及人祈盼死而复活、永恒来世的核心观念。历经古埃及第一中间期社会动荡、秩序混乱的时代,奥西里斯拥有的死而复活、永恒来世的特质不仅没有变,反而显现出强大的能动性。这种能动性体现在他化身为大麦、谷物和谷物之神,与此同时,他还拥有动物公牛的属性。由此,奥西里斯不仅具有滋养众神和人类的“生命给予者”的职能,而且成为在动乱时代能够反击敌人的强大神明。奥西里斯死而复活的神性进一步充实,从而为奥西里斯来世信仰的世俗化奠定坚实基础。

Osiris is one of the most important gods in the history of Ancient Egypt.He carries the core concept of ancient Egyptians who were praying for the resurrection and eternal afterlife.After going through the period of so?cial unrest and disorder in the First Intermediate Period of Ancient Egypt,Osiris’s characteristics of death and res?urrection and eternal afterlife not only remained unchanged,but also showed strong motility.This motility was em?bodied in his incarnation as the god of barley,grain.At the same time,he also has the attribute of the animal bull.Therefore,Osiris is not only the“giver of life”who nourishes gods and human beings,but also the god with power?ful ability to fight back against the enemy in turbulent times.The god of Osiris'resurrection from death was further enriched,thus laying a solid foundation for the secularization of Osiris'belief in the afterlife.