直播栽培方式下水稻苗期综合评价分析

Comprehensive Evaluation of Rice Seedlings under Direct Seedling

为了探明不同直播栽培方式对水稻出苗的影响,以15个宁夏大面积种植的水稻品种(系)为试验材料,进行保墒旱直播和播后上水两种直播条件下水稻出苗以及幼苗生长情况综合评价分析。结果表明:保墒旱直播栽培条件下,参试材料的出苗率变异幅度为12.0%~47.5%,成苗率为19.7%~60.5%,苗势为1级~5级;播后上水直播栽培条件下,出苗率最低为14.6%,最高为33.0%,成苗率变异幅度为28.6%~77.5%,苗势为1级~7级。可见保墒旱直播的出苗率、苗势整体表现好于播后上水,成苗率则低于播后上水。并且同一个品种(系)在不同直播栽培条件下,出苗率、成苗率及苗势也存在很大差异。选择适宜保墒旱直播和播后上水两种直播栽培方式的品种(系)是解决直播过程中保苗难的一个主要途径。

In order to explore the effects of various direct seedling methods on rice seedling, 15 mainly planted rice varieties in Ningxia were selected to carry out comprehensive evaluation analyses of rice seedling and seedling growth situations by dry direct seedling in dry land with soil moisture conservation and irrigation after seedling. The results showed that the variation range of the emergence rate of the selected varieties was between 12.0% and 47.5%, the planting percent was between19.7% and 60.5%, and the growth was between level I and level V by the former seedling method. By the latter seedling method, the lowest emergence rate was 14.6% and the highest emergence rate was 33.0%. The variation range of the planting percent was between 28.6% and 77.5%, and the growth was between level I and level Ⅶ. It could be found that both the emergence rate and the growth by the former seedling method were better than those by the latter seedling method,while the plating percent by the former seedling method was lower than that by the latter method. Besides, the emergence rate, planting percent and growth varies a lot for the same variety by various direct sowing methods. Therefore, it is one of the effective ways to protect the seedlings during the direct sowing process by choosing proper varieties which are suitable for aforementioned two seedling methods.