糖尿病合并肺结核患者的肺部CT影像学特征分析

Analysis of pulmonary CT imaging features of patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis

目的:分析糖尿病合并肺结核患者的肺部CT影像学特征。方法:选取60例糖尿病合并肺结核患者作为观察组,另选取同期单一的60例肺结核患者作为对照组。两组均行痰菌检查、CT扫描,两组的各项检查程序一致,比较两组病灶发病部位、病变类型及病灶分布范围。结果:观察组两肺上叶前段、右肺中叶发病率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组右肺上叶尖段与后段、两肺下叶背段发病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组单发空洞、多发空洞、支气管播散灶、斑片状大片融合/大片状高密影病灶明显多于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组单肺段、多个肺段病灶均明显多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:糖尿病合并肺结核患者肺部CT影像学特征具有一定的特异性,病灶分布范围广,肺结核少见发病部位的发病率也较高,且病灶形态呈现多样化特点。

Objective:To analyze pulmonary CT imaging features of patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods:From January 2015 to September 2018,60 patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis in Gansu medical college were selected as the observation group,while 60 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at the same period were selected as the control group.Both groups underwent sputum examination and CT scan.The examination procedures of the two groups were consistent.The lesion sites,lesion types and lesion distribution range of the two groups were compared.Results:The incidence rates of anterior segment lesion in the two lungs and middle lobe lesion of the right lung in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of the apical segment and posterior segment lesions in the right upper lobe as well as the dorsal segment lesions of lower lobes of two lungs between the two groups(P>0.05).The single cavity,multiple cavities,bronchial disseminated lesions,patchy large-scale fusion/large-patch high-density lesions in the observation group were significantly more than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The single lung segment and multiple lung segment lesions in the observation group were significantly more than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The pulmonary CT imaging features of the patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis have certain specificity.The lesions are widely distributed,the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in rare site is also high,and the lesion morphology is diversified.