基于物质流的矿产资源安全思考

Thinking on the Safety of Mineral Resources Based on Material Flow

从物质流视角看,出口工业制成品相当于“出口”矿产资源。我国已成为全球第一工业制成品出口大国,2017年净出口3万亿元的涉矿工业制成品。大量矿产资源通过这些产品流向国外。这导致了我国较高的矿产资源消耗量、较高的矿产资源对外依存度以及较高的矿产资源供应风险。以铜铝两种矿产资源为例,我国有一半以上的铜和五分之一以上的铝通过国际贸易间接转移到其他国家,出口转移份额大,但出口产品的附加值低,技术含量不高。保障矿产资源安全是确保我国产业体系平稳运转的关键,需从全产业链构建矿产资源安全体系,加强国内矿产资源的有效供应。

From the perspective of material flow,exporting manufactured goods are equivalent to“export”mineral resources.China has become the largest exporter of industrial manufactured goods in the word,in 2017,it exported 3 trillion yuan of manufactured goods in the mining industry.Due to large amount of mineral resources flow through these products to foreign countries,the mineral resource consumption in China is larger,the dependence on foreign mineral resources is higher,and the risk of mineral resource supply is higher.Taking copper and aluminum mineral resources as an example,more than half of copper and more than one-fifth of aluminum in China are transferred to other countries indirectly through international trade,the export share is large,but the added value of export products is low and the technical content is low.Therefore,guaranteeing the safety of mineral resources is the key to ensuring the smooth operation of industrial system in China,it is necessary to build a mineral resource safety system from the entire industrial chain and strengthen the effective supply of domestic mineral resources.