美国“服务学习”对我国大学生社会实践的启示

The Enlightenment of American “Service Learning” to the Social Practice of College Students in China

服务学习是以社区服务为实践基地、以改善学生课业学习和提升学生公民意识为目的而进行的一种学习习得性高、教学实效性强的学习方式、教学理念和公民教育手段。服务学习整个进行过程完整而缜密,包括准备、服务、反思和庆祝四个环节。服务学习对于学生自身成长成才、高校教学方式改进提升、国家公民管理创新都有重大意义。我国的大学生社会实践与发源于美国的服务学习有着内在契合性,都具有提升学生公民意识和增强社会责任感作用。针对当下我国大学生社会实践发展中存在问题,借鉴和吸收美国服务学习进一步完善和提高我国大学生社会实践是非常必要的。

Service learning is a kind of learning method,teaching concept and civic education method with high learning and high effective teaching effect with the purpose of improving community students’learning and their civic awareness,which is based on community services.The whole process of service learning is complete and meticulous,including preparation,service,reflection and celebration.Service learning is of great significance to the growth of students themselves,the improvement of teaching methods in colleges and universities,and the innovation of national citizenship management.The social practice of college students in China has an intrinsic fit with the service learning originated in the United States.It has the function of enhancing students’civic awareness and social responsibility.To solve the problems currently existing in the development of college students’social practice,the paper suggests we learn from the experience of American“service learning”.