论人格权请求权在个人信息权上行使的必要性及规则

On the Necessity and Rules of Exercising the Right of Personal Right Claim in the Right of Personal Information

个人信息被侵害的救济,在我国主要依据侵权法的规定。侵权法上救济的不足主要体现在救济时间的滞后性、精神损害赔偿的限额性与间接损害性、诉讼中法律关系主体的多样性、举证和事实认定的复杂性和诉讼时效的确定性。人格权请求权作为一种独立的事前救济权利,不仅可以圆满地弥补侵权法上对个人信息权保护的不足,还能与域外国家的个人信息保护法上规定的积极请求权产生聚合效应,进而完善整个救济体系。人格权请求权在个人信息权救济的具体行使方式上,依类型划分,可分为人格紧密型的行使方式与人格疏远型的行使方式。

The relief of personal information is mainly based on the tort law in China.The inadequacy of remedy in tort law is mainly reflected in the lag of remedy time,the limitation of compensation for mental damage and indirect harm,the diversity of subjects of legal relations in litigation,the complexity of evidence and fact determination and the certainty of limitation of action.As an independent prior relief right,the claim of personal right can not only make up for the deficiency of the protection of personal information right in the tort law,but also produce aggregation effect with the active claim right in the personal information protection law of foreign countries,so as to improve the whole relief system.In terms of the specific ways of exercising the right of personal information relief,the right to claim for personal right can be divided into two types,namely,the tight exercising way of personality and the alienated exercising way of personality.