从“因果历史”到“承诺历史”——论斯代普的信念兼容论

From “Causal history” to “Commitment History”——On Steup’s Doxastic Compatibilism

道义论的认知辩护蕴含了信念控制的观点,斯代普的信念兼容论就是一种信念控制理论。该理论将理由回应性、“好”的因果历史、信念控制等同起来,说明了主体如何控制信念形成。但是它面临着两个问题:(1)无法回应实践理由,(2)道义论标准失效。为了解决这两个问题,应该以“承诺历史”替代“好”的因果历史,以理由回应性、承诺历史、信念控制的等同关系替代原先的等同关系。

Deontological epistemological justification entails the view of belief control.Steup’s doxastic compatibilism is a theory of belief control.This theory equates reason responsiveness with“good”causal history and belief control to explain how the subject controls belief formation,but it faces two problems:(1)unable to respond to practical reasons;(2)the failure of deontic standards.In order to solve these problems,we should substitute“commitment history”for“good”causal history,and make the equivalence of reason responsiveness,commitment history and belief control replace the original equivalent relation.