土地利用结构对生态环境影响的归因分析——以江西省丰城市为例

Attribution analysis of the impact of land use structure on ecological environment——A case study of Fengcheng City, Jiangxi Province

土地是人类生存和发展的重要资源和物质载体,合理制定和调整土地利用结构已成为解决生态环境问题的主要途径。本文以江西省丰城市土地利用结构为研究对象,分析其土地资源利用、建设用地布局和矿产资源开发利用等方面对生态环境的影响,为促进当地土地利用结构合理规划提供科学依据和决策方向。结果表明,丰城市人均土地面积和人均耕地面积分别仅为全国平均水平的35%和53%,土地承载压力较大,土地集约利用率低,亟待提高土地利用率。建设用地面积增加主要以占用耕地和林地为代价,其中,耕地平均以每年0.05%的速度锐减,对生态平衡、环境持续发展造成一定的影响。矿产开发利用对空气污染和水污染方面影响最为突出,丰城电厂的污染气体排放量居首位。

Land is an important resource and material carrier for human survival and development.Taking the land use structure of Fengcheng City in Jiangxi Province as the research object.This study analyzed the impacts of land resources utilization,construction land layout and mineral resources development and utilization on the ecological environment,so as to provide scientific basis and decision-making direction for promoting the rational planning of local land use structure.The results show that the land area and cultivated land area per capita in Fengcheng City are only 35%and 53%of the national average respectively,and the land is under great pressure and the land intensive utilization rate is low,and therefore it is urgent to improve the land utilization rate.The increase of construction land area is mainly at the cost of occupying cultivated and forest lands,among which the former decreases sharply at an average rate of 0.05%per year,making a certain impact on the ecological balance and sustainable development of the environment.Mineral exploitation and utilization have the most prominent influence on air pollution and water pollution.